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Country profile

Turkmenistan

A gas-rich, state-led economy with tight control over trade and the currency.

Capital
Ashgabat
Currency
Turkmenistani manat TMT
Population
7.6M · 2025
Neutrality Avenue, Ashgabat
Neutrality Avenue, AshgabatPhoto: Bjørn Christian Tørrissen, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Key indicators

GDP, nominal

Verified
$49.8B
+12.6%from $44.2B

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

GDP per capita

Verified
$6,540
+10.8%from $5,904

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

GDP growth

Verified
6.3%
+0.0 ppfrom 6.3%

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

Inflation

IMF estimate
2.7%
−1.9 ppfrom 4.6%

2025 · IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

Economy at a glance

Turkmenistan holds some of the world's largest natural gas reserves, and gas sold to China through the Central Asia–China pipeline is the main source of export revenue. The state plays a dominant role in the economy and official statistics are limited, so several figures on this site are IMF estimates. The central bank fixes the official exchange rate of the manat.

Turkmenbashi International Seaport on the Caspian Sea
Turkmenbashi International Seaport on the Caspian SeaPhoto: Juris Paiders, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Ashgabat on the edge of the Karakum desert
Ashgabat on the edge of the Karakum desertPhoto: ILMur, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Main industries

  1. 01

    Natural gas

    Galkynysh, one of the largest gas fields in the world, supplies the pipeline to China.

  2. 02

    Refining and chemicals

    Refineries in Turkmenbashi and Seydi, and gas-chemical plants making polymers and fertilisers.

  3. 03

    Cotton and textiles

    Cotton is grown along the Amu Darya and processed in state textile complexes.

  4. 04

    Construction and transport

    Large public building projects in Ashgabat and the Caspian seaport at Turkmenbashi.

Structure of the economy

Value added by sector, % of GDP, 2025 · World Bank

  • Agriculture12.4%
  • Industry36.0%
  • Services48.9%

Shares of GDP may not add up to 100% because of taxes and statistical adjustments.

Growth and inflation

Projection

Real GDP growth and consumer price inflation, % per year.

Unit: %

  • GDP growth
  • Inflation
  • IMF projection
Source: World Bank WDI · IMF WEOLast updated Nov 11, 2026

Trade and investment

Exports
$7.2B2025 · World Bank WDI
Imports
$6.8B2025 · World Bank WDI
Trade balance
$386.3M2025 · World Bank WDI
FDI inflows
$701.4M2025 · World Bank WDI
Remittances
No data
Explore trade data

Currency

Turkmenistani manat TMT

1 USD = 3.5 TMT

Rate on Nov 15, 2026 · ExchangeRate-API

The World Bank publishes no recent annual average for this currency. The rate above is the official one.

Exchange rates and converter

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