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Country profile

Kazakhstan

Central Asia's largest economy, driven by oil, metals and grain.

Capital
Astana
Currency
Kazakhstani tenge KZT
Population
20.8M · 2025
Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city and financial centre
Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city and financial centrePhoto: Dauren Nabijan, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

Key indicators

GDP, nominal

Verified
$306.2B
+5.1%from $291.5B

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

GDP per capita

Verified
$14,692
+3.8%from $14,155

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

GDP growth

Verified
6.5%
+1.5 ppfrom 5.0%

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

Inflation

Verified
11.4%
+2.7 ppfrom 8.7%

2025 · World Bank WDI, IMF WEO · Nov 11, 2026

Economy at a glance

Kazakhstan accounts for the largest share of Central Asia's output. Oil from the Tengiz, Kashagan and Karachaganak fields dominates exports, and the country is the world's largest producer of uranium. A national fund built from oil revenue helps cushion the economy when prices fall. Almaty is the main business centre; Astana is the capital and home of the Astana International Financial Centre.

Astana, Kazakhstan's capital, on the Ishim river
Astana, Kazakhstan's capital, on the Ishim riverPhoto: Alex J. Butler, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Turbine hall of the Ekibastuz power station, Kazakhstan
Turbine hall of the Ekibastuz power station, KazakhstanPhoto: Yakov Fedorov, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Main industries

  1. 01

    Oil and gas

    The Tengiz, Kashagan and Karachaganak fields; oil is the main export.

  2. 02

    Metals and mining

    Uranium, copper, zinc, iron ore and ferroalloys.

  3. 03

    Grain

    Wheat from the northern steppe is sold across the region and beyond.

  4. 04

    Transport and logistics

    Rail and road routes between China, Russia and Europe cross the country.

Structure of the economy

Value added by sector, % of GDP, 2025 · World Bank

  • Agriculture3.7%
  • Industry32.3%
  • Services57.7%

Shares of GDP may not add up to 100% because of taxes and statistical adjustments.

Growth and inflation

Verified + IMF

Real GDP growth and consumer price inflation, % per year.

Unit: %

  • GDP growth
  • Inflation
  • IMF projection
Source: World Bank WDI · IMF WEOLast updated Nov 11, 2026

Trade and investment

Exports
$92.1B2024 · World Bank WDI
Imports
$74.5B2024 · World Bank WDI
Trade balance
$17.5B2024 · World Bank WDI
FDI inflows
-$916.4M2025 · World Bank WDI
Remittances
0.1%2025 · World Bank WDI
Explore trade data

Currency

Kazakhstani tenge KZT

1 USD = 445.1 KZT

Rate on Nov 15, 2026 · ExchangeRate-API

Value against the US dollar, 2020–2025

21% weaker

Annual average 413 KZT per US$ in the first year, 521 in the last · World Bank

Exchange rates and converter

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